Diabetes is characterized by our body’s inability to regulate our sugar levels. However, this disease is can manifest in two ways – hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Although similar, these two conditions have different symptoms and should be treated differently, which is why it’s essential to make a distinction between the two.
Here are the key differences between hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
Causes and Symptoms of Hypoglycemia
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) happens when our glucose levels drop dramatically. For people with diabetes, this usually happens as a result of too much exercise. Another common cause of hypoglycemia is taking more insulin than you need. Here are some of the most common causes of this condition.
- Dizziness;
- Shakiness;
- Hunger and weakness;
- Confusion and anxiety;
- Headaches combined with an irregular heartbeat.
If left untreated, it can lead to seizures, falling unconscious, and even coma.
Causes and Symptoms of Hyperglycemia
High blood sugar (hyperglycemia) is a condition caused by taking in more sugar than your body can manage to handle. Although it’s most often present in people with diabetes, hyperglycemia can be caused by many other conditions including Cushing syndrome and pancreatitis.
Hyperglycemia can go unnoticed until sugar levels are very elevated, which is why it’s important for people with diabetes to monitor their glucose levels. Some of the most common causes of hyperglycemia include:
- Blurry vision;
- Headaches;
- Fatigue;
- Frequent urination.
If left untreated, it can lead to dry mouth, vomiting, shortness of breath, stomach pain, and coma.
The Bottom Line
Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia can be seen in relatively healthy people, but they are very common in people with diabetes. Monitor your sugar levels and make sure you’re doing everything you can to don’t let them get out of control.
